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                <text>Detail of Rose Theatre and Bear Baiting Arena, Panorama of London</text>
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                <text>England--Social life and customs--16th century</text>
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                <text>Image Description: This detailed view depicts two key Bankside (i.e., south of the Thames) entertainment options for Elizabethan audiences: the Rose Theatre (which is actually mislabeled on Visscher's original as the Globe) and Bear-baiting Arena. Across the Thames River, St. Paul's Cathedral looms large.</text>
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                <text>Scholarly significance: The structural similarities between the Bankside theaters and bear-baiting arena are significant. The first purpose-built playhouses in Elizabethan London were modeled on preexisting animal baiting arenas (bull and bear), and the two forms of entertainment were in fierce competition with one another. A 1591 law actually mandated the closing of public theaters on Thursdays, to protect the economic interests of animal baiting promoters. One of the later purpose-built theaters, the Hope, was a hybrid arena that hosted plays on some nights and animal baiting shows on others. Not surprisingly, given the competing interests, the venture proved unsuccessful.</text>
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                <text>Visscher, Claes Jansz., 1586 or 1587-1652</text>
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                <text>1616</text>
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                <text>EMBTA does not hold the copyright for this item, which is already made freely available online.  EMBTA cannot grant reproduction rights for this image.  If you are interested in reproducing this image, please contact the copyright holder named in the “Source” field above.&#13;
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                <text>Detail of Second Globe Theatre and Bear Garden, "Long View of London from Bankside"</text>
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                <text>Image Description: This detailed view depicts two key Bankside (i.e., located along the south bank of the Thames River) entertainment options for Elizabethan audiences:  the second Globe Theater and the nearby Bear-baiting Arena.  Across the Thames River are several other notable London landmarks, including Blackfriars, the Essex and Arundel houses, and Convent Garden.</text>
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                <text>Scholarly significance: The structural similarities between the Bankside theater and bear-baiting arena are significant.  The first purpose-built playhouses in Elizabethan London were modeled on preexisting animal baiting arenas (bull and bear), and the two forms of entertainment were in fierce competition with one another.  A 1591 law actually mandated the closing of public theaters on Thursdays, to protect the economic interests of  animal baiting promoters.  One of the later purpose-built playhouses, the Hope, was a hybrid arena that hosted plays on some nights and animal baiting shows on others.  Not surprisingly, given the competing interests, the venture proved unsuccessful.</text>
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                <text>Hollar, Wenceslaus, 1607-1677</text>
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